Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Toll Road shopping experience:

1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Toll Road offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Toll Road at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.

2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about

3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Toll Road? Wrong! If the Toll Road is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.

4. Questions - Got a question about Toll Road then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....

5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Toll Road? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Toll Road and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.

6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Toll Road wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.

7. Feedback - happy with your Toll Road then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.

8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Toll Road site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site

9. Contact - got a question about Toll Road, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.

10. Payment - ready to pay for your Toll Road, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.

A toll road, also known as a tollway, turnpike, pike or tollpike, is a road for which a driver pays a toll (that is, a fee) for use. Similarly there are toll bridges and toll tunnels. Non-toll roads are financed using other sources of revenue, most typically gasoline tax or general tax funds. Tolls have been placed on roads at various times in history, often to generate funds for repayment of toll revenue bonds used to finance constructions and/or operation. The building or facility where a toll is collected may be called a toll booth, toll plaza, toll station, or toll gate.

Two variations of toll roads exist: barrier (mainline) toll plazas and entry/exit tolls. On a mainline toll system, all vehicles stop at various locations along the highway to pay a toll. While this may save money from the lack of need to construct tolls at every exit, it can cause lots of traffic congestion, and drivers could evade tolls by going around them as the exits do not have them. With entry/exit tolls, vehicles collect a ticket when entering the highway, which displays the fares it will pay when it exits, increasing in cost for distance traveled. Upon exit, the driver will pay the amount listed for the given exit. Should the ticket indicate a traveling violation or be lost, the driver would typically pay the maximum amount possible for travel on that highway. Modern toll roads often use a combination of the two, with various entry and exit tolls supplemented by occasional mainline tolls.

Early toll roads Aristotle and Pliny the Elder refer to tolls in Arabia and other parts of Asia. In India, before the 4th century BC the Arthasastra notes the use of tolls. Germanic tribes charged tolls to travellers across mountain passes. Tolls were used in the Holy Roman Empire in the 14th century and 15th century.

A good example in the 14th century would be Castle Loevestein in the Netherlands, which was built at a strategic point where 2 rivers met, and charged tolls to boats sailing the river.

Many modern European roads were originally constructed as toll roads in order to recoup the costs of construction. Turnpike trusts were established in England beginning in 1706. A good example is the A5 road in the UK, originally constructed as a toll road in the 18th century.

National toll-road differences Toll roads are found in many countries. The way they are funded and operated may differ from country to country. Some of these toll roads are privately owned and operated. Others are owned by the government. Some of the government-owned toll roads are privately operated.

Some toll roads are managed under such systems as the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) system. Private companies build the roads and are given a limited franchise. Ownership is transferred to the government when the franchise expires. Throughout the world, this type of arrangement is prevalent in Australia, South Korea, Japan, Philippines, and Canada. The (BOT) system is a fairly new concept that is gaining ground in the United States, with Arkansas, California, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi Toll Road Bill Passage a Milestone for Mississippi, Mississippi DOT Website, May 11, 2007, Texas, and Virginia already building and operating toll roads under this scheme. Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Tennessee are also considering the BOT methodology for future highway projects.

The more traditional means of managing toll roads in the United States is through semi-autonomous public authority. New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Kansas, Oklahoma, and West Virginia manage their toll roads in this manner. While most of the toll roads in California, Delaware, Florida, Texas, and Virginia are operating under the BOT arrangement, a few of the older toll roads in these states are still operated by public authorities.

Payment of the road toll may be made in cash, by credit card, by pre-paid card or by an electronic toll collection system. In some European countries payment is made using stickers which are affixed to the windscreen. Some toll booths are automated. Tolls may vary according to the distance travelled, the building and maintenance costs of the motorway and the type of vehicle.

Toll collection technology The term turnpike refers to the pike (weapon) or long stick that was held across the road, and only raised or turned aside when the traveler paid the toll.

Travelers have disliked toll roads not only for the cost of the toll, but also for the delays at toll booths.

An adaptation of military "identification friend or foe" or RFID technology, called electronic toll collection, is lessening the delay incurred in toll collection, and may eliminate it entirely in the future. The electronic system determines whether a passing car is enrolled in the program, alerts enforcers if it is not. The accounts of registered cars are debited automatically without stopping or even opening a window. Currently, DSRC is used as a wireless protocol. Other systems are based on GPRS/GSM and GPS technology. Such a system (for trucks only) in Germany launched successfully in January 2005 and by the end of its first year of operation will have charged tolls for around 22 billion driven kilometres. One of the advantages of GPS-based systems is their ability to adapt easily and quickly to changes in charge parameters (road classes, vehicle types, emission levels, times slots etc). Another advantage is the systems' ability to support other value-added services on the same technology platform. These services might include fleet and vehicle engine management systems, emergency response services, pay-as-you-drive insurance services and navigation capabilities.

The first major deployment of an RFID electronic toll collection system was on the Dallas North Tollway in 1989 by Amtech (see TollTag). The Amtech RFID technology used on the Dallas North Tollway was originally developed at Sandia Labs for use in tagging and tracking livestock.

Highway 407 (Ontario) in the province of Ontario, Canada has absolutely no toll booths and instead, the rear license plates of all vehicles are photographed when they enter and exit the highway. This makes the highway the first all automated highway in the world. A bill is mailed monthly for usage of the 407. Lower charges are levied on frequent 407 users who carry electronic transponders in their vehicles. The approach has not been without controversy: In 2002 the 407 ETR a class action with a refund to users.

In Illinois, coins and I-Pass are used in every toll plaza instead of toll tickets. On the East Coast, similar systems include E-ZPass, Smart Tag, or SunPass. FasTrak is used in California. The systems use a small radio transponder mounted in or on a customer's vehicle to deduct toll fares from a pre-paid account as the vehicle passes through the toll barrier. This reduces manpower at toll booths and increases traffic flow and fuel efficiency by reducing the need for complete stops to pay tolls at these locations.

By designing a tollgate specifically for electronic collection, it is possible to carry out open-road tolling, where the customer does not need to slow at all when passing through the tollgate. The state of Texas is testing a system on a stretch of Texas 121 that has no toll booths. Drivers without a TollTag have their license plate photographed automatically and the registered owner will receive a monthly bill, at a higher rate than those vehicles with TollTags .

Another feature of many electronic toll collection systems is interagency interoperability, where the same transponder is accepted at many toll agencies. For instance, the E-ZPass tag is accepted at most toll facilities from Virginia to Maine and west to the Peace Bridge spanning the Niagara River as well as Indiana and Illinois. Ohio has signalled intention to join EZ-Pass for the Ohio Turnpike, but has not officially done so. The TxTAG system allows interoperability throughout the state of Texas, but is not compatible with systems used outside of Texas.

Electronic toll collection (ETC) systems also have drawbacks. A computer glitch can result in delays several miles long. Some state turnpike commissions such as the Ohio Turnpike have debated implementing E-ZPass but have found that such a system would be ineffective because most of the people who use the turnpike are not commuters, are from states that have no ETS on turnpikes, or are from states that don't have a turnpike at all. The toll plazas of some turnpikes are antiquated because they were originally built for traffic that stops to pay the toll or get a ticket.

The technology does have its limits. For instance, the Highway 407 automatic number plate recognition technology has a reputation for the occasional misread plate, leading to bills being sent to motorists in remote parts of Ontario who have never been near the tollway.

Closed system For toll roads, a "closed system" refers to a road where a motorist obtains a ticket upon entering the toll road, then pays to toll upon exiting the expressway. The toll is calculated by the distance traveled on the toll road. In contrast, a toll road using an 'open system' consists of mainline toll plazas (a.k.a., toll barriers) at set intervals; it is possible for motorists to get on an 'open toll road' after one toll barrier and exit before the next one, thus traveling on the toll road toll-free. Most open toll roads have ramp tolls or limited access junctions to prevent that.

Toll road gallery Image:SR 417 University Toll Plaza.jpg|A high-speed toll booth on Florida State Road 417 near Orlando, FloridaImage:Sayama Loop toll road-2005-6-5.jpg] bypass (Saitama Prefecture prefectural road 397) in JapanImage:Toll-gates.jpg] near the city of Itatiba, BrazilImage:New Jersey Turnpike toll gate.jpg] Toll Gate for Exit 8A in Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New JerseyImage:Caseta San Marcos (Mexico-Puebla).jpg|Toll gate San Marcos, at the Mexico City-Puebla highway.Image:P7080169.JPG]Image:AirportExpresswayTollStation.jpg|A toll gate on the Airport Expressway (Beijing) in Beijing.Image:P1010280.JPG], Hong Kong.Image:Nse-kl-toll.JPG|Sungai Besi toll plaza, North-South Expressway, Malaysia.Image:Toll plaza with Smart Tag and Touch & Go lanes.jpg], Johor with Touch 'n Go and Smart TAG electronic payment system (EPS)Image:ERPBugis.JPG] gantry at North Bridge Road. SingaporeImage:College-Road-Dulwich-London-SE21-Tollgate.JPG] at the Swedish-Norwegian border.Image:Guaduatollroad.jpg|A Guadua toll booth at the Armenia, Colombia-Pereira Highway in ColombiaImage:407ETR.jpg] Highway 407 (Ontario) does not use toll booths, but rather cameras and transponders to toll users.Image:Mass_Pike_Toll_Ticket.jpg|Toll ticket for travel on the Massachusetts Turnpike. This ticket indicates the point of entry onto the Turnpike, and lists tolls charged at each exit point.

See also

References External links





A toll road, also known as a tollway, turnpike, pike or tollpike, is a road for which a driver pays a toll (that is, a fee) for use. Similarly there are toll bridges and toll tunnels. Non-toll roads are financed using other sources of revenue, most typically gasoline tax or general tax funds. Tolls have been placed on roads at various times in history, often to generate funds for repayment of toll revenue bonds used to finance constructions and/or operation. The building or facility where a toll is collected may be called a toll booth, toll plaza, toll station, or toll gate.

Two variations of toll roads exist: barrier (mainline) toll plazas and entry/exit tolls. On a mainline toll system, all vehicles stop at various locations along the highway to pay a toll. While this may save money from the lack of need to construct tolls at every exit, it can cause lots of traffic congestion, and drivers could evade tolls by going around them as the exits do not have them. With entry/exit tolls, vehicles collect a ticket when entering the highway, which displays the fares it will pay when it exits, increasing in cost for distance traveled. Upon exit, the driver will pay the amount listed for the given exit. Should the ticket indicate a traveling violation or be lost, the driver would typically pay the maximum amount possible for travel on that highway. Modern toll roads often use a combination of the two, with various entry and exit tolls supplemented by occasional mainline tolls.

Early toll roads Aristotle and Pliny the Elder refer to tolls in Arabia and other parts of Asia. In India, before the 4th century BC the Arthasastra notes the use of tolls. Germanic tribes charged tolls to travellers across mountain passes. Tolls were used in the Holy Roman Empire in the 14th century and 15th century.

A good example in the 14th century would be Castle Loevestein in the Netherlands, which was built at a strategic point where 2 rivers met, and charged tolls to boats sailing the river.

Many modern European roads were originally constructed as toll roads in order to recoup the costs of construction. Turnpike trusts were established in England beginning in 1706. A good example is the A5 road in the UK, originally constructed as a toll road in the 18th century.

National toll-road differences Toll roads are found in many countries. The way they are funded and operated may differ from country to country. Some of these toll roads are privately owned and operated. Others are owned by the government. Some of the government-owned toll roads are privately operated.

Some toll roads are managed under such systems as the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) system. Private companies build the roads and are given a limited franchise. Ownership is transferred to the government when the franchise expires. Throughout the world, this type of arrangement is prevalent in Australia, South Korea, Japan, Philippines, and Canada. The (BOT) system is a fairly new concept that is gaining ground in the United States, with Arkansas, California, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi Toll Road Bill Passage a Milestone for Mississippi, Mississippi DOT Website, May 11, 2007, Texas, and Virginia already building and operating toll roads under this scheme. Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Tennessee are also considering the BOT methodology for future highway projects.

The more traditional means of managing toll roads in the United States is through semi-autonomous public authority. New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Kansas, Oklahoma, and West Virginia manage their toll roads in this manner. While most of the toll roads in California, Delaware, Florida, Texas, and Virginia are operating under the BOT arrangement, a few of the older toll roads in these states are still operated by public authorities.

Payment of the road toll may be made in cash, by credit card, by pre-paid card or by an electronic toll collection system. In some European countries payment is made using stickers which are affixed to the windscreen. Some toll booths are automated. Tolls may vary according to the distance travelled, the building and maintenance costs of the motorway and the type of vehicle.

Toll collection technology The term turnpike refers to the pike (weapon) or long stick that was held across the road, and only raised or turned aside when the traveler paid the toll.

Travelers have disliked toll roads not only for the cost of the toll, but also for the delays at toll booths.

An adaptation of military "identification friend or foe" or RFID technology, called electronic toll collection, is lessening the delay incurred in toll collection, and may eliminate it entirely in the future. The electronic system determines whether a passing car is enrolled in the program, alerts enforcers if it is not. The accounts of registered cars are debited automatically without stopping or even opening a window. Currently, DSRC is used as a wireless protocol. Other systems are based on GPRS/GSM and GPS technology. Such a system (for trucks only) in Germany launched successfully in January 2005 and by the end of its first year of operation will have charged tolls for around 22 billion driven kilometres. One of the advantages of GPS-based systems is their ability to adapt easily and quickly to changes in charge parameters (road classes, vehicle types, emission levels, times slots etc). Another advantage is the systems' ability to support other value-added services on the same technology platform. These services might include fleet and vehicle engine management systems, emergency response services, pay-as-you-drive insurance services and navigation capabilities.

The first major deployment of an RFID electronic toll collection system was on the Dallas North Tollway in 1989 by Amtech (see TollTag). The Amtech RFID technology used on the Dallas North Tollway was originally developed at Sandia Labs for use in tagging and tracking livestock.

Highway 407 (Ontario) in the province of Ontario, Canada has absolutely no toll booths and instead, the rear license plates of all vehicles are photographed when they enter and exit the highway. This makes the highway the first all automated highway in the world. A bill is mailed monthly for usage of the 407. Lower charges are levied on frequent 407 users who carry electronic transponders in their vehicles. The approach has not been without controversy: In 2002 the 407 ETR a class action with a refund to users.

In Illinois, coins and I-Pass are used in every toll plaza instead of toll tickets. On the East Coast, similar systems include E-ZPass, Smart Tag, or SunPass. FasTrak is used in California. The systems use a small radio transponder mounted in or on a customer's vehicle to deduct toll fares from a pre-paid account as the vehicle passes through the toll barrier. This reduces manpower at toll booths and increases traffic flow and fuel efficiency by reducing the need for complete stops to pay tolls at these locations.

By designing a tollgate specifically for electronic collection, it is possible to carry out open-road tolling, where the customer does not need to slow at all when passing through the tollgate. The state of Texas is testing a system on a stretch of Texas 121 that has no toll booths. Drivers without a TollTag have their license plate photographed automatically and the registered owner will receive a monthly bill, at a higher rate than those vehicles with TollTags .

Another feature of many electronic toll collection systems is interagency interoperability, where the same transponder is accepted at many toll agencies. For instance, the E-ZPass tag is accepted at most toll facilities from Virginia to Maine and west to the Peace Bridge spanning the Niagara River as well as Indiana and Illinois. Ohio has signalled intention to join EZ-Pass for the Ohio Turnpike, but has not officially done so. The TxTAG system allows interoperability throughout the state of Texas, but is not compatible with systems used outside of Texas.

Electronic toll collection (ETC) systems also have drawbacks. A computer glitch can result in delays several miles long. Some state turnpike commissions such as the Ohio Turnpike have debated implementing E-ZPass but have found that such a system would be ineffective because most of the people who use the turnpike are not commuters, are from states that have no ETS on turnpikes, or are from states that don't have a turnpike at all. The toll plazas of some turnpikes are antiquated because they were originally built for traffic that stops to pay the toll or get a ticket.

The technology does have its limits. For instance, the Highway 407 automatic number plate recognition technology has a reputation for the occasional misread plate, leading to bills being sent to motorists in remote parts of Ontario who have never been near the tollway.

Closed system For toll roads, a "closed system" refers to a road where a motorist obtains a ticket upon entering the toll road, then pays to toll upon exiting the expressway. The toll is calculated by the distance traveled on the toll road. In contrast, a toll road using an 'open system' consists of mainline toll plazas (a.k.a., toll barriers) at set intervals; it is possible for motorists to get on an 'open toll road' after one toll barrier and exit before the next one, thus traveling on the toll road toll-free. Most open toll roads have ramp tolls or limited access junctions to prevent that.

Toll road gallery Image:SR 417 University Toll Plaza.jpg|A high-speed toll booth on Florida State Road 417 near Orlando, FloridaImage:Sayama Loop toll road-2005-6-5.jpg] bypass (Saitama Prefecture prefectural road 397) in JapanImage:Toll-gates.jpg] near the city of Itatiba, BrazilImage:New Jersey Turnpike toll gate.jpg] Toll Gate for Exit 8A in Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New JerseyImage:Caseta San Marcos (Mexico-Puebla).jpg|Toll gate San Marcos, at the Mexico City-Puebla highway.Image:P7080169.JPG]Image:AirportExpresswayTollStation.jpg|A toll gate on the Airport Expressway (Beijing) in Beijing.Image:P1010280.JPG], Hong Kong.Image:Nse-kl-toll.JPG|Sungai Besi toll plaza, North-South Expressway, Malaysia.Image:Toll plaza with Smart Tag and Touch & Go lanes.jpg], Johor with Touch 'n Go and Smart TAG electronic payment system (EPS)Image:ERPBugis.JPG] gantry at North Bridge Road. SingaporeImage:College-Road-Dulwich-London-SE21-Tollgate.JPG] at the Swedish-Norwegian border.Image:Guaduatollroad.jpg|A Guadua toll booth at the Armenia, Colombia-Pereira Highway in ColombiaImage:407ETR.jpg] Highway 407 (Ontario) does not use toll booths, but rather cameras and transponders to toll users.Image:Mass_Pike_Toll_Ticket.jpg|Toll ticket for travel on the Massachusetts Turnpike. This ticket indicates the point of entry onto the Turnpike, and lists tolls charged at each exit point.

See also

References External links







M6 Toll
Central information point for the Birmingham Northern Relief Road including news and route information.

M6 Toll - Overview
News: M6 Toll Quarterly Traffic Report Midland Expressway Ltd (MEL) today reported the average daily traffic figures for the period April 2008 - June 2008....

Toll road - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A toll road, (also known as a tollway, turnpike, pike, or toll highway, especially if it is constructed to freeway standards), is a road for which a driver pays a toll (that is, a ...

Welcome to TROT :.
We need your help - TROT are looking to locate which stretches of road make getting to a Toll Ride hazardous. All we need from you is the following:

BBC - Birmingham Travel - The new M6 toll road
The new M6 Toll, which bypasses the most congested parts of the M6, is the most exciting development in British transport history for many years. ... The new M6 ...

BBC NEWS | England | Staffordshire | Toll road access extended
The M6 Toll road is extended to motorists this weekend as it becomes fully integrated with the motorway network.

BBC NEWS | England | Staffordshire | M6 Toll road opens
The UK's road network reaches a watershed with the opening in the Midlands of the country's first toll motorway.

Toll road schemes
Road toll and congestion charging schemes . iGreens love road tolls. We don't much like paying money to governments, and would prefer to drive on private roads.

Toll Road accidents reduced
Improved safety measures and more responsible driving have dramatically reduced the number of accidents on the Kewstoke Toll Road in Weston-super-Mare.

Porlock Toll Road | About | Porlock | Exmoor | Somerset | UK
The road was built as a carriageway through the Porlock Parks, avoiding the steep gradient of Porlock Hill. This was somewhere about 1840 -50.

 

Toll Road



 
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